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Friday, 26 October 2012

Symbols used in fluid mechanics


a = Acceleration (m/s2
A = Area (m2)
) a = Speed of sound (m/s)
F = Force (N)
g = acceleration due to gravity (m/s2 )
h = fluid head (m)
K = Bulk modulus (MPa )
m = mass (kg)
M = mach number u /a
M = Molecular weight
p = fluid pressure (N /m2 )
pabs - absolute pressure (N /m2 )
pgauge - gauge pressure (N /m2 )
patm - atmospheric pressure (N /m2 )
s= surface pressure (N /m2 )
Q = Volume flow rate (m3 /s)
q = Heat transfer /unit mass (J/kg)
R = Gas Constant (J/(kg.K)
Ro = Universal Gas Constant (J/(kg.mol.K)
ρ = fluid density (kg /m2 )
s = specific volume (m3 /kg)
u = fluid velocity (m/s)
v = fluid velocity (m/s)
x = depth of centroid (m)
β = Compressibility (1/MPa)
θ =slope (radians)
ρ = density (kg/m3)
ρ r = density (kg/m3)
τ = shear stress (N /m2)
μ = viscosity (Pa.s)
ν kinematic viscosity (m2�s-1)
υ = Specific volume (m3 / kg)
γ= Ratio of Specific Heats

Quantities Symbols and Dimensions



QuantitySymbolDimensionsQuantitySymbolDimensions
MassmMMass /Unit Aream/A 2ML -2
LengthlLMass momentmlML
TimetTMoment of InertiaIML 2
TemperatureTθ---
VelocityuLT -1Pressure /Stressp /σML -1-2
AccelerationaLT -2Strainτ000
Momentum/ImpulsemvMLT -1Elastic ModulusEML -1-2
ForceFMLT -2Flexural RigidityEIML 3-2
Energy - WorkWML 2-2Shear ModulusGML -1-2
PowerPML 2-3Torsional rigidityGJML 3-2
Moment of ForceMML 2-2StiffnesskMT -2
Angular momentum-ML 2-1Angular stiffnessT/ηML 2-2
Angleη000Flexibiity1/k-12
Angular Velocityω-1Vorticity--1
Angular accelerationα-2Circulation-2-1
AreaA2ViscosityμML -1-1
VolumeV3Kinematic Viscosityτ2-1
First Moment of AreaAr3Diffusivity-2-1
Second Moment of AreaI4Friction coefficientf /μ000
DensityρML -3Restitution coefficient 000
Specific heat-
Constant Pressure
p2 T -2 θ -1Specific heat-
Constant volume
v2 T -2 θ -1

Note: a is identified as the local sonic velocity, with dimensions L .T -1

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